G.C.E. O/L Physics · Grade 10
Resultant Forceவிளையுள் விசைසම්ප්රයුක්ත බලය
விளையுள் விசைසම්ප්රයුක්ත බලය
Parallel forces, vector addition, resolution, and equilibrium of coplanar forces. This page is a free preview of the STEM Cloud lesson for Grade 10 G.C.E. Ordinary Level Physics in Sri Lanka: the key points, the formulas, a worked example and a short quiz, taken from the lesson itself.
What you will learn
- Several Forces At Once — Which One "Wins"?ஒரே சமயத்தில் பல விசைகள் — இதுல எது ஜெயிக்கும்?එකවර බල කිහිපයක් — කුමක් “ජය ගන්නේද”?
- Resultant of Two Forces on the Same Lineஒரே நேர்கோட்டில் தாக்கும் இரு விசைகளின் விளையுள்එක රේඛාවක බල දෙකක සම්ප්රයුක්තය
- Resultant of Two Parallel Forcesஇரு சமாந்தர விசைகளின் விளையுள்සමාන්තර බල දෙකක සම්ප්රයුක්තය
- Resultant of Two Non-Parallel (Inclined) Forcesசமாந்தரமற்ற (சாய்ந்த) விசைகளின் விளையுள்සමාන්තර නොවන (ආනත) බල දෙකක සම්ප්රයුක්තය
Key points to remember
- A single force that produces the same effect as several forces acting together is called their resultant force.பல விசைகள் சேர்ந்து உண்டாக்கும் அதே விளைவ தனியா உண்டாக்கும் ஒரு விசைதான் அவற்றோட விளையுள் விசை.එක් වර ක්රියා කරන බල කිහිපයක සම්බන්ධ බලපෑමම ඇති කරන තනි බලයක් ඒවායේ සම්ප්රයුක්ත බලය ලෙස හැඳින්වේ.
- The resultant of two forces in the same direction along one line is the sum of the two forces.ஒரே திசையில, ஒரே நேர்கோட்டுல தாக்கும் இரு விசைகளோட விளையுள், அவற்றோட கூட்டுத்தொகை.එක් රේඛාවක එකම දිශාවට බල දෙකක සම්ප්රයුක්තය බල දෙකේ එකතුවයි.
- For two opposite forces along one line, the resultant equals the difference of the two forces and acts in the direction of the larger force.எதிர்த் திசையில ஒரே கோட்டுல இருக்கும் இரு விசைகளுக்கு, விளையுள் அவற்றோட வித்தியாசம்; பெரிய விசையோட திசையில தாக்கும்.එක් රේඛාවක ප්රතිවිරුද්ධ බල දෙකක් සඳහා, සම්ප්රයුක්තය බල දෙකේ වෙනසට සමාන වන අතර විශාල බලයේ දිශාවට ක්රියා කරයි.
- The resultant of two non-parallel forces acts in a direction between the two forces.சமாந்தரமற்ற இரு விசைகளோட விளையுள், அவ்விரு விசைகளுக்கும் நடுவுல இருக்கும் திசையில தாக்கும்.සමාන්තර නොවන බල දෙකක සම්ප්රයුක්තය බල දෙක අතර දිශාවකට ක්රියා කරයි.
Key formulas
Resultant: forces in the same directionவிளையுள்: ஒரே திசையில் விசைகள்සම්ප්රයුක්තය: එකම දිශාවට බල
விளையுள்: ஒரே திசையில் விசைகள்සම්ප්රයුක්තය: එකම දිශාවට බල
R = F₁ + F₂
- R = resultant forceவிளையுள் விசைසම්ප්රයුක්ත බලය (N)
- F₁, F₂ = the two forcesஇரு விசைகள்බල දෙක (N)
8 N and 6 N pulling the same way: R = 8 + 6 = 14 Nஒரே திசையில் 8 N, 6 N: R = 8 + 6 = 14 Nඑකම දිශාවට 8 N සහ 6 N: R = 8 + 6 = 14 N
Resultant: forces in opposite directionsவிளையுள்: எதிர்த் திசைகளில் விசைகள்සම්ප්රයුක්තය: ප්රතිවිරුද්ධ දිශාවලට බල
விளையுள்: எதிர்த் திசைகளில் விசைகள்සම්ප්රයුක්තය: ප්රතිවිරුද්ධ දිශාවලට බල
R = F₁ − F₂
- F₁ = the larger forceபெரிய விசைවිශාල බලය (N)
- F₂ = the smaller forceசிறிய விசைකුඩා බලය (N)
5 N one way, 2 N the other: R = 5 − 2 = 3 N, in the direction of the 5 Nஒரு திசையில் 5 N, எதிரில் 2 N: R = 5 − 2 = 3 N, 5 N இன் திசையில்එක් අතකට 5 N, අනෙක් අතට 2 N: R = 5 − 2 = 3 N, 5 N හි දිශාවට
A worked example
Worked Example · Ch.9, p.167பாட புத்தக உதாரணம் · பாடம் 9, ப. 167වැඩ කළ නිදසුන · 9 පරි., පි.167
Both forces are in the same direction — so add them: Resultant = 8 N + 6 N
Calculate:
ரெண்டு விசைகளும் ஒரே திசையில் — அதனால் கூட்டணும்: விளையுள் = 8 N + 6 N
கணக்கிடு:
බල දෙකම එකම දිශාවට ය — එබැවින් ඒවා එකතු කරන්න: සම්ප්රයුක්තය = 8 N + 6 N
ගණනය කරන්න:
Try 5 quiz questions
Two people push a stalled car in the same direction with 120 N and 90 N. What is the resultant force?நிண்ணுட்ட காரை ரெண்டு பேர் ஒரே திசையில் 120 N, 90 N விசையால் தள்றாங்க. விளையுள் விசை என்ன?
- A 30 N30 N
- B 210 N210 N
- C 120 N120 N
- D It cannot be foundகண்டுபிடிக்க முடியாதுඑය සොයා ගත නොහැක
Show the answer
Answer: B. 210 N210 N
Same direction forces add: 120 + 90 = 210 N.ஒரே திசை விசைகள் கூடும்: 120 + 90 = 210 N.එකම දිශාවේ බල එකතු වේ: 120 + 90 = 210 N.
In a tug of war, Team A pulls with 300 N and Team B pulls with 260 N in the opposite direction. What happens?கயிற்றிழுத்தல் போட்டியில் அணி A 300 N, அணி B எதிர் திசையில் 260 N இழுக்குது. என்ன நடக்கும்?
- A Nothing moves — it's balancedஒண்ணுமே நகராது — சமநிலைකිසිවක් චලනය නොවේ — එය සමතුලිතයි
- B Team B wins, resultant 40 N toward Bஅணி B ஜெயிக்கும், விளையுள் 40 N அணி B பக்கம்B කණ්ඩායම දිනයි, සම්ප්රයුක්තය B දෙසට 40 N
- C Team A wins, resultant 40 N toward Aஅணி A ஜெயிக்கும், விளையுள் 40 N அணி A பக்கம்A කණ්ඩායම දිනයි, සම්ප්රයුක්තය A දෙසට 40 N
- D Team A wins, resultant 560 N toward Aஅணி A ஜெயிக்கும், விளையுள் 560 N அணி A பக்கம்A කණ්ඩායම දිනයි, සම්ප්රයුක්තය A දෙසට 560 N
Show the answer
Answer: C. Team A wins, resultant 40 N toward Aஅணி A ஜெயிக்கும், விளையுள் 40 N அணி A பக்கம்A කණ්ඩායම දිනයි, සම්ප්රයුක්තය A දෙසට 40 N
Opposite directions subtract: 300 − 260 = 40 N, in the direction of the larger force (Team A).எதிர் திசை விசைகள் கழிக்கப்படும்: 300 − 260 = 40 N, பெரிய விசையின் திசையில் (அணி A).ප්රතිවිරුද්ධ දිශාවල බල අඩු වේ: 300 − 260 = 40 N, විශාල බලයේ දිශාවට (A කණ්ඩායම).
What is the resultant of two equal and opposite forces, both 50 N?சமமான, எதிரெதிர் திசையில் இருக்கும் 50 N ரெண்டு விசைகளின் விளையுள் என்ன?
- A 100 N100 N
- B 50 N50 N
- C 0 N — balanced0 N — சமநிலை0 N — සමතුලිතයි
- D 25 N25 N
Show the answer
Answer: C. 0 N — balanced0 N — சமநிலை0 N — සමතුලිතයි
50 − 50 = 0. Equal and opposite forces are perfectly balanced — no resultant, no motion.50 − 50 = 0. சமமான, எதிரெதிர் விசைகள் முழுமையா சமநிலையில் இருக்கும் — விளையுள் இல்ல, இயக்கமும் இல்ல.50 − 50 = 0. සමාන හා ප්රතිවිරුද්ධ බල සම්පූර්ණයෙන් සමතුලිතයි — සම්ප්රයුක්තයක් නැත, චලනයක් නැත.
Two parallel forces of 6 N and 4 N act on an object in the same direction (at different points). What is the resultant?6 N, 4 N சமாந்தர விசைகள் ஒரு பொருள் மேல ஒரே திசையில் (வெவ்வேறு புள்ளிகளில்) தாக்குது. விளையுள் என்ன?
- A 2 N2 N
- B 10 N10 N
- C 24 N24 N
- D Cannot combine parallel forcesசமாந்தர விசைகளை கூட்ட முடியாதுසමාන්තර බල ඒකාබද්ධ කළ නොහැක
Show the answer
Answer: B. 10 N10 N
Parallel forces in the same direction simply add: 6 + 4 = 10 N.ஒரே திசையில் இருக்கும் சமாந்தர விசைகள் வெறுமனே கூடும்: 6 + 4 = 10 N.එකම දිශාවට සමාන්තර බල සරලව එකතු වේ: 6 + 4 = 10 N.
Two forces P and Q act on an object at an angle to each other (not parallel). Which way does the object move?P, Q ஆகிய இரு விசைகள் ஒரு பொருள் மேல ஒரு கோணத்தில் (சமாந்தரமில்லாமல்) தாக்குது. பொருள் எந்தப் பக்கம் நகரும்?
- A Exactly in P's directionசரியாக P-யின் திசையில்හරියටම P හි දිශාවට
- B Exactly in Q's directionசரியாக Q-வின் திசையில்හරියටම Q හි දිශාවට
- C In a direction between P and QP, Q-வுக்கு இடையே இருக்கும் ஒரு திசையில்P සහ Q අතර දිශාවකට
- D It won't move at allஅது எந்திசையிலும் நகராதுඑය කිසිසේත් චලනය නොවේ
Show the answer
Answer: C. In a direction between P and QP, Q-வுக்கு இடையே இருக்கும் ஒரு திசையில்P සහ Q අතර දිශාවකට
For non-parallel (inclined) forces, the resultant acts in a direction between the two original directions.சமாந்தரமற்ற (சாய்ந்த) விசைகளுக்கு, விளையுள் அந்த இரு அசல் திசைகளுக்கும் இடையே இருக்கும் ஒரு திசையில் தாக்கும்.සමාන්තර නොවන (ආනත) බල සඳහා, සම්ප්රයුක්තය ක්රියා කරන්නේ මුල් දිශා දෙක අතර දිශාවකටයි.
In Tamil and Sinhala · தமிழில் · සිංහලෙන්
Every STEM Cloud lesson is in Tamil, English and Sinhala. The chapter's words, as the lesson uses them:
பல விசைகள் சேர்ந்து உண்டாக்கும் அதே விளைவ தனியா உண்டாக்கும் ஒரு விசைதான் அவற்றோட விளையுள் விசை.
එක් වර ක්රියා කරන බල කිහිපයක සම්බන්ධ බලපෑමම ඇති කරන තනි බලයක් ඒවායේ සම්ප්රයුක්ත බලය ලෙස හැඳින්වේ.
- Resultant force · விளையுள் விசை · සම්ප්රයුක්ත බලය
- Newton balance · நியூற்றன் தராசு · නිව්ටන් තරාදිය
- Unbalanced force · சமநிலைப்படாத விசை · අසමතුලිත බලය
- Opposite direction · எதிர்த் திசை · ප්රතිවිරුද්ධ දිශාව
In the full lesson
The full Resultant Force lesson walks through every step: the cartoon animation, the notes, all 3 worked examples, the virtual lab, the games and all 5 quiz questions. It opens with an account.
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Questions about Resultant Force
Is Resultant Force in the G.C.E. O/L Physics syllabus?
Yes. Resultant Force is a Grade 10 unit of G.C.E. Ordinary Level Physics in Sri Lanka, and STEM Cloud teaches it in the same order as the course map.
What are the key points of Resultant Force?
A single force that produces the same effect as several forces acting together is called their resultant force. The resultant of two forces in the same direction along one line is the sum of the two forces. For two opposite forces along one line, the resultant equals the difference of the two forces and acts in the direction of the larger force.
What are the common mistakes in Resultant Force?
Never forget direction! First check if the forces are in the same direction or opposite. If opposite, you must subtract, not add — otherwise the answer is wrong. The resultant always points in the direction of the LARGER force (in the opposite-direction case). Don't accidentally state the direction of the smaller force. "Parallel" doesn't mean "same line"! Parallel forces point the same way, but they can act at different points on the object — the addition rule still applies the same. The resultant's unit is always N (newton) — whether you add or subtract, the unit of force never changes.
Can I study Resultant Force in Tamil or Sinhala?
Yes. Every STEM Cloud lesson is in Tamil, English and Sinhala, and you can switch the language at any time from the lesson header.
How do I get the full Resultant Force lesson?
Sign up on the sign-up page, or message the admin on WhatsApp at 077 676 8865. You can try a free lesson first: Motion in a Straight Line.