G.C.E. O/L Physics · Grade 10
Pressure of Liquidsதிரவ அமுக்கம்ද්රවස්ථිති පීඩනය හා එහි යෙදීම්
திரவ அமுக்கம்ද්රවස්ථිති පීඩනය හා එහි යෙදීම්
Pressure in fluids, liquid column formula P = hρg, transmission, and U-tube manometers. This page is a free preview of the STEM Cloud lesson for Grade 10 G.C.E. Ordinary Level Physics in Sri Lanka: the key points, the formulas, a worked example and a short quiz, taken from the lesson itself.
What you will learn
- Pressure: force on each square metreஅமுக்கம்: ஒவ்வொரு சதுர மீற்றர் மேலும் தாக்கும் விசைපීඩනය: සෑම වර්ග මීටරයකටම බලය
- Pressure in a liquid (hydrostatic pressure)திரவத்துல அமுக்கம் (நீர்நிலை அமுக்கம்)ද්රවයක පීඩනය (ද්රවස්ථිති පීඩනය)
- Pressure travels through a liquidஅமுக்கம் திரவம் வழியா கடத்தப்படுதுපීඩනය ද්රවයක් හරහා සම්ප්රේෂණය වේ
- Gases and the atmosphereவாயுக்களும் வளிமண்டலமும்වායු සහ වායුගෝලය
- Floating and sinking: upthrustமிதத்தலும் மூழ்குதலும்: மேலுதைப்புපාවීම සහ ගිලීම: උඩුකුරු තෙරපුම
Key points to remember
- Pressure is produced by liquids and gases as well as by solids.திண்மங்கள் மட்டுமில்ல, திரவங்களும் வாயுக்களும் அமுக்கத்த உண்டாக்குது.ඝන වස්තුවලින් මෙන්ම ද්රව සහ වායුවලින් ද පීඩනය ඇති වේ.
- The pressure due to a liquid acts in every direction.திரவத்தால உண்டாகும் அமுக்கம் எல்லாத் திசையிலயும் தாக்குது.ද්රවයක් නිසා ඇතිවන පීඩනය සෑම දිශාවකටම ක්රියා කරයි.
- The pressure due to a liquid increases as the depth (height of the liquid column) increases.ஆழம் (திரவ நிரலோட உயரம்) கூட திரவ அமுக்கம் கூடும்.ගැඹුර (ද්රව කඳේ උස) වැඩි වන විට ද්රවයක් නිසා ඇතිවන පීඩනය වැඩි වේ.
- P = hρg gives the pressure of a liquid column: h = height of the column, ρ = density, g = gravitational acceleration.P = hρg திரவ நிரலோட அமுக்கத்த தரும்: h = நிரலோட உயரம், ρ = திரவத்தோட அடர்த்தி, g = ஈர்ப்பு ஆர்முடுகல்.P = hρg මගින් ද්රව කඳක පීඩනය ලැබේ: h = කඳේ උස, ρ = ඝනත්වය, g = ගුරුත්වජ ත්වරණය.
- The air around the Earth is the atmosphere, and the pressure made by it is the atmospheric pressure.பூமிய சுத்தி இருக்கற காத்து வாயுமண்டலம்; அது உண்டாக்கற அமுக்கம் வளிமண்டல அமுக்கம்.පෘථිවිය වටා ඇති වාතය වායුගෝලයයි, එයින් ඇතිවන පීඩනය වායුගෝලීය පීඩනයයි.
- At sea level the average atmospheric pressure is 76 cm Hg: the pressure of a mercury column 76 cm high.கடல் மட்டத்துல சராசரி வளிமண்டல அமுக்கம் 76 cm Hg: 76 cm உயர இரச நிரலோட அமுக்கம்.මුහුදු මට්ටමේදී සාමාන්ය වායුගෝලීය පීඩනය 76 cm Hg වේ: උස 76 cm රසදිය කඳක පීඩනය.
- The mercury barometer and the aneroid barometer measure atmospheric pressure.இரச பாரமானியும் அனிரொய்ட் பாரமானியும் வளிமண்டல அமுக்கத்த அளக்குது.රසදිය වායු පීඩනමානය සහ නිර්ද්රව වායු පීඩනමානය වායුගෝලීය පීඩනය මනියි.
- An object partly or fully submerged in a liquid feels an upthrust equal to the weight of the liquid it displaces.திரவத்துல பகுதியாவோ முழுசாவோ மூழ்கிய பொருள் மேல, அது இடம்பெயர்த்த திரவத்தோட நிறைக்கு சமமான மேலுதைப்பு தாக்கும்.ද්රවයක අර්ධ වශයෙන් හෝ සම්පූර්ණයෙන් ගිලී ඇති වස්තුවකට දැනෙන උඩුකුරු තෙරපුම එය විස්ථාපනය කරන ද්රවයේ බරට සමාන වේ.
- An object floating on a liquid: the weight of the liquid displaced equals the weight of the object.திரவத்துல மிதக்கற பொருள்: இடம்பெயர்த்த திரவத்தோட நிறை பொருளோட நிறைக்கு சமம்.ද්රවයක පාවෙන වස්තුවක්: විස්ථාපිත ද්රවයේ බර වස්තුවේ බරට සමාන වේ.
Key formulas
Pressureஅமுக்கம்පීඩනය
அமுக்கம்පීඩනය
P = F ÷ A
- P = pressureஅமுக்கம்පීඩනය (Pa (N m⁻²))
- F = perpendicular forceசெங்குத்து விசைලම්බ බලය (N)
- A = areaபரப்பளவுවර්ගඵලය (m²)
200 N on 0.5 m²: P = 200 ÷ 0.5 = 400 Pa0.5 m² மீது 200 N: P = 200 ÷ 0.5 = 400 Pa0.5 m² මත 200 N: P = 200 ÷ 0.5 = 400 Pa
Pressure in a liquidதிரவ அமுக்கம்ද්රවයක පීඩනය
திரவ அமுக்கம்ද්රවයක පීඩනය
P = h ρ g
- h = depth below the surfaceமேற்பரப்பிலிருந்து ஆழம்පෘෂ්ඨයේ සිට ගැඹුර (m)
- ρ = density of the liquidதிரவத்தின் அடர்த்திද්රවයේ ඝනත්වය (kg m⁻³)
- g = acceleration due to gravityபுவியீர்ப்பினாலான ஆர்முடுகல்ගුරුත්වජ ත්වරණය (10 m s⁻²)
2 m down in water: P = 2 × 1000 × 10 = 20 000 Paநீரில் 2 m ஆழத்தில்: P = 2 × 1000 × 10 = 20 000 Paජලයේ 2 m ගැඹුරේ: P = 2 × 1000 × 10 = 20 000 Pa
Hydraulic jackநீரியல் உயர்த்திදාව ජැක්කුව
நீரியல் உயர்த்திදාව ජැක්කුව
F₁ ÷ A₁ = F₂ ÷ A₂
- F₁, A₁ = force and area of the small pistonசிறிய முசலத்தின் விசையும் பரப்பும்කුඩා පිස්ටනයේ බලය සහ වර්ගඵලය (N, cm²)
- F₂, A₂ = force and area of the large pistonபெரிய முசலத்தின் விசையும் பரப்பும்විශාල පිස්ටනයේ බලය සහ වර්ගඵලය (N, cm²)
10 N on 5 cm² gives 2 N cm⁻²; on a 100 cm² piston that lifts 2 × 100 = 200 N5 cm² இல் 10 N என்றால் 2 N cm⁻²; 100 cm² முசலத்தில் 2 × 100 = 200 N தூக்கும்5 cm² මත 10 N නම් 2 N cm⁻²; 100 cm² පිස්ටනයක් 2 × 100 = 200 N ඔසවයි
A worked example
Textbook example · Ch.15, p.63பாடப்புத்தக உதாரணம் · பாடம் 15, ப.63පෙළපොත් නිදසුන · 15 පරි., පි.63
Pressure is force on each unit area, so Pressure = force ÷ area. The force is the box's weight, 400 N.
Put the numbers in: 400 N ÷ 0.2 m².
400 ÷ 0.2 = 2000. The unit is N m⁻², which is the pascal.
அமுக்கம் ஓரலகு பரப்பளவு மேல தாக்கும் விசை, அதனால அமுக்கம் = விசை ÷ பரப்பளவு. விசை பெட்டியோட நிறை, 400 N.
எண்கள வெச்சுப் பாரு: 400 N ÷ 0.2 m².
400 ÷ 0.2 = 2000. அலகு N m⁻², அதுதான் பாஸ்கல்.
පීඩනය යනු ඒකක වර්ගඵලයක් මත බලයයි, එබැවින් පීඩනය = බලය ÷ වර්ගඵලය. බලය පෙට්ටියේ බර, 400 N වේ.
සංඛ්යා ආදේශ කරන්න: 400 N ÷ 0.2 m².
400 ÷ 0.2 = 2000. ඒකකය N m⁻² වන අතර එය පාස්කල් ය.
Try 5 quiz questions
What is meant by "the pressure is 1500 Pa"?"அமுக்கம் 1500 Pa" என்றால் என்ன அர்த்தம்?
- A A force of 1500 N acts on every 1 m²ஒவ்வொரு 1 m² மேலயும் 1500 N விசை தாக்குதுසෑම 1 m² කටම 1500 N බලයක් ක්රියා කරයි
- B A force of 1500 N acts on the whole surfaceமொத்த மேற்பரப்பு மேலயும் 1500 N விசை தாக்குதுමුළු පෘෂ්ඨය මතම 1500 N බලයක් ක්රියා කරයි
- C 1500 kg of liquid is present1500 kg திரவம் இருக்குද්රව kg 1500 ක් ඇත
- D The surface has an area of 1500 m²மேற்பரப்பு 1500 m² பரப்பளவுපෘෂ්ඨයේ වර්ගඵලය 1500 m² කි
Show the answer
Answer: A. A force of 1500 N acts on every 1 m²ஒவ்வொரு 1 m² மேலயும் 1500 N விசை தாக்குதுසෑම 1 m² කටම 1500 N බලයක් ක්රියා කරයි
1 Pa = 1 N m⁻², so 1500 Pa means 1500 N on every square metre.1 Pa = 1 N m⁻², அதனால 1500 Pa என்றா ஒவ்வொரு சதுர மீற்றர் மேலயும் 1500 N.1 Pa = 1 N m⁻², එබැවින් 1500 Pa යනු සෑම වර්ග මීටරයකටම 1500 N ක් යන්නයි.
Which formula gives pressure?அமுக்கத்த தரும் சூத்திரம் எது?
- A F ÷ AF ÷ A
- B F × AF × A
- C A ÷ FA ÷ F
- D F + AF + A
Show the answer
Answer: A. F ÷ AF ÷ A
Pressure = perpendicular force ÷ area.அமுக்கம் = செங்குத்து விசை ÷ பரப்பளவு.පීඩනය = ලම්බ බලය ÷ වර්ගඵලය.
Which of these does the pressure at a point in a liquid NOT depend on?திரவத்துல ஒரு புள்ளியோட அமுக்கம் இதுல எத பொறுத்தது இல்ல?
- A The depth of the pointபுள்ளியோட ஆழம்ලක්ෂ්යයේ ගැඹුර
- B The density of the liquidதிரவத்தோட அடர்த்திද්රවයේ ඝනත්වය
- C The shape of the containerகொள்கலனோட வடிவம்බඳුනේ හැඩය
- D The acceleration due to gravityஈர்ப்பு (g) ஆர்முடுகல்ගුරුත්වජ ත්වරණය
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Answer: C. The shape of the containerகொள்கலனோட வடிவம்බඳුනේ හැඩය
P = hρg has no shape in it: only the vertical height of the column matters.P = hρg-ல வடிவம் இல்ல: நிரலோட நிமிர்ந்த உயரம் மட்டும்தான் முக்கியம்.P = hρg හි හැඩයක් නැත: වැදගත් වන්නේ කඳේ සිරස් උස පමණි.
A pond is 2 m deep. Find the pressure at the bottom due to the water (ρ = 1000 kg m⁻³, g = 10 m s⁻²).ஒரு குளம் 2 m ஆழம். நீரால அடில அமுக்கம்? (ρ = 1000 kg m⁻³, g = 10 m s⁻²)
- A 2000 Pa2000 Pa
- B 20 000 Pa20 000 Pa
- C 200 Pa200 Pa
- D 200 000 Pa200 000 Pa
Show the answer
Answer: B. 20 000 Pa20 000 Pa
P = hρg = 2 × 1000 × 10 = 20 000 Pa.P = hρg = 2 × 1000 × 10 = 20 000 Pa.
In a hydraulic press piston A has 5 cm² and piston B has 100 cm². A force of 10 N pushes on A. What force acts on B?நீரியல் அழுத்தில பிஸ்டன் A 5 cm², பிஸ்டன் B 100 cm². A மேல 10 N விசை. B மேல விசை?
- A 20 N20 N
- B 50 N50 N
- C 200 N200 N
- D 1000 N1000 N
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Answer: C. 200 N200 N
Pressure = 10 ÷ 5 = 2 N cm⁻². The same pressure acts on B: 2 × 100 = 200 N.அமுக்கம் = 10 ÷ 5 = 2 N cm⁻². B மேலயும் அதே அமுக்கம்: 2 × 100 = 200 N.පීඩනය = 10 ÷ 5 = 2 N cm⁻². එම පීඩනයම B මත ක්රියා කරයි: 2 × 100 = 200 N.
In Tamil and Sinhala · தமிழில் · සිංහලෙන්
Every STEM Cloud lesson is in Tamil, English and Sinhala. The chapter's words, as the lesson uses them:
திண்மங்கள் மட்டுமில்ல, திரவங்களும் வாயுக்களும் அமுக்கத்த உண்டாக்குது.
ඝන වස්තුවලින් මෙන්ම ද්රව සහ වායුවලින් ද පීඩනය ඇති වේ.
- Pressure · அமுக்கம் · පීඩනය
- Pascal (Pa) · பாஸ்கல் · පාස්කල් (Pa)
- Hydraulic jack · நீரியல் உயர்த்தி · දාව ජැක්කුව
- Upthrust · மேலுதைப்பு · උඩුකුරු තෙරපුම
- Atmosphere · வாயுமண்டலம் · වායුගෝලය
- Mercury barometer · இரச பாரமானி · රසදිය වායු පීඩනමානය
- Aneroid barometer · அனிரொய்ட் பாரமானி · නිර්ද්රව වායු පීඩනමානය
- Density · அடர்த்தி · ඝනත්වය
- Archimedes' principle · ஆர்க்கிமிடிஸ் தத்துவம் · ආකිමිඩීස් නියමය
In the full lesson
The full Pressure of Liquids lesson walks through every step: the cartoon animation, the notes, all 7 worked examples, the virtual lab, the games and all 8 quiz questions. It opens with an account.
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Questions about Pressure of Liquids
Is Pressure of Liquids in the G.C.E. O/L Physics syllabus?
Yes. Pressure of Liquids is a Grade 10 unit of G.C.E. Ordinary Level Physics in Sri Lanka, and STEM Cloud teaches it in the same order as the course map.
What are the key points of Pressure of Liquids?
Pressure is produced by liquids and gases as well as by solids. The pressure due to a liquid acts in every direction. The pressure due to a liquid increases as the depth (height of the liquid column) increases.
Can I study Pressure of Liquids in Tamil or Sinhala?
Yes. Every STEM Cloud lesson is in Tamil, English and Sinhala, and you can switch the language at any time from the lesson header.
How do I get the full Pressure of Liquids lesson?
Sign up on the sign-up page, or message the admin on WhatsApp at 077 676 8865. You can try a free lesson first: Motion in a Straight Line.